Supermarket
In this day and age IT is at the center of society such in supermarket. As the supermarket’s all have the new systems such as computerized tills compare to olden days. In the olden days the shopkeeper would have to write down all the products that they sold such as equipment, clothes and food. Whereas the supermarkets nowadays have more products in it so it would be hard to keep track with it. For that reason it is easier to have sophisticated computer systems to help keep track.
There are many different supermarkets that use computer systems in there shop. For example in the stores there are monitors and scanner that help to tell the manger what stock it going well and how much is sold on weekly bases. Another example is the shop that I work in the staff has to go around scanning all the products that are low so that they can be ordered in to the shop as this is one way we do to keep the stock. Therefore companies who use the computer systems find it helpful to monitor the performance of sales as well as help them to analyses the stock. As the store manager will look at their stock on the computer every week to see what product they need to put on sale to help them sell better before they goes out of date.
In addition company can use the computer system to help their business better as now a days they collect information about customers. As now customers are able to use loyalty cards as this is where company give people a card for their shop which lets the customers do their shopping. As when the card is scan it will give them point and when they get enough point they will get money off their shopping as this is one way for the customer save money and another way for the company get the customer back.. Then the company would use the data from each card and analyse each customer on what they spend their money on. So then they would post out tickets on the products that each custom would buy most of and the next time the customer comes into the shop they are able to take money of the product with it.
As now Tesco’s use this idea by send the tickets out to their customs to get them back into the shop. As they see what they spend the must of and they will get money off it as this helps the custom to save money and to get them back into the shop. They is why Tesco’s is one of the biggest shopping centre in the world.
Online Grocery Shopping
Many people who have a job do not have time to go out and do shopping as they are working all the time. So now most big store has an online shopping store were a lot of people go on an order their groceries from it from their home. As company will deliver the groceries to that person first door. However there are many advantage and disadvantage to this they are:
Advantage
Online grocery shopping is good for people who work everyday and has not got time to go to the shop. As they can go home from work and go on to the internet to the shopping website such as Tesco’s and pick out what they need and order it. Another reason why it is good is that they deliver to the door and all the person has to do is sign for it. Also they can get there delivery send to them at any time or day that they want. Therefore online grocery shopping is good for people who are unable to get out of their home or unable to get to the shops because there are unable to drive or has a disable. In additional by shopping online it save time as the person does not need to physical go to the grocery store and have to wait a long time to find a parking space. Also by shopping online the person is saving money as they will see more in the store that they want as where they are doing it online they will just get the things that they need. Mean while if a person is living in a building were they have to carry the grocery up a lot of stair it would be easier to order online so the delivery man would do it for the person. Also the online shopping is open 24/7 7 day a week so the person can order any time they want. However it can be a hard for person who has children as they would have to take them to the shop and they wouldn’t have praise doing their shopping as the children will be running around look for things that they want. As were the parent can do it from home and the children can run around at home and not be looking for things they need. Also online shopping will give better value on the things that in store. However if the thing that the person wants is out of stock they may replaced with something similar that the person wants but if they don’t really want it they are able to send back.
Disadvantage
There are many disadvantage to online groceries shopping as the person is unable to examine the food before buying it as they are un able to see the product that they are buying. Or they are unable to see what size the product may be defective. Also the out stock items can be replaced with something similar that the person doesn’t need or want and they may not take it back. Therefore the person is unable to see the date on the product so they are unable to get a good date on the product that they want.
As you can see that the tills have monitor to show the custom the price all the equipment that they buy in the shop and then the total come up. There also have a bar code which the person on the tills will have to use so the product can be keep track on the big computer in the office.
There are many different advantage and disadvantage of using this type of till in a shop.
Advantage
By using these systems the boss of the shop is able to keep track of all the stock that is on the shelves. Therefore it they are able to make sure that the food will be fresh and readily available on the products which means that the shop rarely run out of stock as this is called stock control. In addition the customers are dealt quickly at the checkout will move faster with the system in place which means there will be no waiting in lines. As it is important that the customers receive the receipts so they know what they have bought and how much each costs them this is why there is a printer for the receipts. Also be using the EPOS system the customs are able to pay for their grocery in many more way such as using cards. Mean while by using these tills it makes the data accurate and up to date with all the sales that re in the shop. Also they the managers are able to analyses the data which helps them to see what the customers are buying so they can promote certain good. However another good reason why this is a good system is because the mangers are able to monitor staff performance. Therefore by using EPOS it will reduce paper work and by using these systems the staff will have to login and out of the tills. Which means that the manger is able to records all transactions for staff members and this also include voided items and refunds.
Disadvantage
When using EPOS systems the manger has to install all the software on to the till which means that it cost a lot of money and the systems have to require regular maintenance so it keep up to date. Therefore the data has to keep up to date if a competitive edge is to be maintained against rival supermarkets systems. Also another disadvantage is that if the electronic goes off the till will go off and therefore mean that the shop will have to close until they get it fix. Which means the shop is losing customer and profit as this is not good for the manager. In addition another disadvantage is that the screen can be easy broken and this means that they need to get fix which include spending more money to spend to fix them.
Social network.
Social network is very big for everyone in this day an years. As it start around 2005 and got bigger as more people use social network. There are many different types of social network such are Facebook, twitter, bebo, tumblr, Google+ etc. As each year the social network get bigger as people make new site for people to go into. People would use the site for much different reason such are up load picture of their holiday or to chat to someone. Also people can write comment on their site such as Facebook were they write comment on each other page on what they are at or how they are felling or on some else. However they also use the site to keep up with old friend and far away family member that they don’t always see. Another reason why people use Facebook is if they are have low self esteem and they are afraid to talk to someone as they use Facebook for it. Therefore some people also use Facebook to play games and find out what is going on in the world. Another reason people use site like Facebook is to help to get more people into their shops. As must shops now have a Facebook page were they put up their special officer on it. As this helps to prompt the shop and what they sale. As must people are on Facebook and they will see the page and this will get them to go into the shop and buy something. Also people would use Facebook to meet other with similar interests or to have a fun. However Facebook can also be use for showing off to other people.
Mean while social network can get people together for many different reason such as if they are having a problem or brings like intelligence people together for chat, conversation, exchanging ideas, and even meeting in real life.
However by using these sites there is down fell as on social network people can bully other and this lead to many different things. Also with social network know one know who the other person is as a person can be who they want to be and they can lead to be someone they are not. Another reason why people think that social network is bad because there is lack of privacy on some site. Mean while by using social network people can get poor grammar and pick up knew word from going on the sites. By people go on site like Facebook they can’t be bothered to go and correct their spelling which turn into them having bad grammar as this will affect them in the long term. In addition another reason why social network site are bad are because they can knock someone self esteem and this can lead down the road to anxiety disorder or they do not want to leave their bed room as someone write bad things about them. Also network site can lead to obesity as some people will not get off the seat or not ldo any exercise which means that they will start to put on weight. Therefore this can lead to health problem etc.
Copyright
When people are using computer it is important not to copyright as it is against law without asking the other person who own the work. There are many different types they are:
Y Copyright Law
Y Software and copyright
Y Licensing
Y Software Piracy
Y Copyright and the Internet
As copyright is the person writing something and the other use it with out asking this is what you call copyright. As the person who has the work they are gives a certain legal protection of the materials. While originally such as books, sheet music, photographs all have copyright so other can’t take there work. Therefore in the U.K has a covered by the copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1998. This is the U.K. form of the Intellectual Property Rights (IRP) legislation which exists in most countries.
Copyright Law 2
The legislation exists to both which mean sure that people are rewarded for the activities and give protection to the copyright holder if there is an infringement to it. There are many way which people copyright such as downloading music, games, movie, programme etc. However copyright activities can be buying or selling of right for example legal cases against offenders is big high business which cost many millions each year.
Copyright Law 3
Within the copyright law it is current legislation embodies which is a moral rights as the copyright holder has the right to ensure that their work is not used inappropriate way when it is been use. However it is important that it is use in ‘fair use’ clauses for example in schools which are allowed to copy 1% of a published work for education use for student and not for any other reason.
What’s covered
In a copyright law there are many area covered such are the literary work which include books, poetry, telephone directories, computer programs as know no is allowed to copy it straight out of them without giving the go ahead from the other person . This is the same as the musical works - of all kinds, dramatic works - not only plays but adverts etc. Also the artistic works - including crafts e.g. jewellery designs. It also covers these to:
Y Sound recordings - discs, tapes, CDs etc.
Y Film recordings - on all media
Y Broadcasts - both audio and video
Y Cable broadcasts - e.g. cable TV programmes
Y Typographical arrangements - e.g. e-books, web pages (of text) etc.
Problems
When people copyright there are many different things that can go wrong such as multimedia not specifically covered so this means that if it break the person has to pay a lot of money for it. By copyright computer graphics the person can have particular problem. As the local copyright laws take precedence which is important in an internet disputes. However sometime by just looking or feel it can be hard to prove that the software is a copy of the real thing. In additional some people use reverse engineering were the write of a computer program they are able to make it look like the same but they uses a different code from the real thing.
Internet Specific Problems
On the internet people can copyright from many different ways such as copying a picture from Google it is easy like this. Also like fan sites if someone copy from it this is copyright and many people believe or mistakenly that the internet is copyright free when it not. However big companies have the resources to purse claims for example Disney as it big in a lot of country.
Software Licensing
A software licensing is when a legal is instrument when using by the ways of the contract law with or without printed material. The governing use or redistribution of software as all software is a copyright protected. Therefore every computer with software has to have a licensing on it. In additional by opening the packet means that the person is agree to pay for the licensing and a standard license is allow to be put on to each computer. However some are allow having one copy for back up.
Other common licenses
As everyone know that there is more than one type of licenses when it come to computer as the people need a licenses for must things. For example there is multi user license this is where more than one person can use it. There is also site license where places such as school would use it and it can be used on all computers on one sites. Another one is academic license as this is where teacher, students and usually single user. The last one is education license were only school, colleges, cheap and multi user.
Other systems
When using systems such as shareware the person will have to always pay for updates, support and sometime have limited. As there is also freeware were the people does not cost at all. Also charity wares were people donation to charity confident and post card ware as this is where people send a postcard to the author. Mean while there is free software movement this is encourages freeware to authors.
Piracy
In effect the copying of software without an appropriate licence can be against the law and it may not cover all the software if it broken. As the licence may cost multi £ billion as business esp. in Far East that look for all major graphics programs which normal cost £6, 000 or a pirate copy which cost around £5. Here in the UK or the USA the video game are very popular on a CD. However the CD-R and the internet have got easier to get there hand on.
Copy protection
When copying things it is important that the user get the basic thing such as serial number and legal protection which is the copyright act so the people know what they are at. Also for more advanced person it is important that they look at dongles, electronic copy protection which as the code scrambler and regionalisation for eg DVD.
Problems
There can be many problems when it comes to license such as the systems do not work and the copyright legal mine field. The serial number of the website specialize are in a publishing serial numbers which are for popular software it is important that the people has it. Also dongle may reverse the engineering of device and the electronic methods may break within an hours of publications. As the regionalization code can break when it widely available.
New phone
As now the phone can become in touch screen and people can download app such as games, music, TV iplayer and message colour apps etc.
When computers first came they were sample equipment as there were not as big thing as they are now. As the computer was to be used as a calculations or computations as this is why it was build for. The computer first look like this
Nowadays it is used for everything as it has to keep up with different user requirements in today’s society and now there is more demand for a computer. People use a computer to type up their work as paper work is slowly going away. As people type up all their work and their is more to a computer now for example when people have business meeting they will make PowerPoint’s for it to show people their idea instead of writing thing down. Also computers are one way for people to communication with each other. For people to keep important documents on the computer such as doctor records as they don’t write anything down any more as they keep their record of people on the computer. As now people are able to draw pictures on the computer, make website, make 3D item, play music, play games, take pictures, keep pictures, change the wording etc. There are more members on a computer now and now in 2013 there are putting computers to touch screen. Also they have made laptop as they have move from computer sitting on the desk to laptop were people are able to move around with it and take them to different places. As the computer these days look like this
Impact of ICT on Society:
In this day an age ICT has a society impact on job as more job are been develop because of ICT. As there is now people working as programmer this were people can put different software onto a computer for a person. There is also web designers this can out as every use internet explores to do online shopping; play game etc. also there is ICT teacher now so children use computer now more than ever. As they use computer to do research for their homework, type work up on it and design table. In addition as people are finding hard to get work some people are turn into jobs to do with computer. As there is computer manufacturers, delivery driver, call centre, employee as without computer in today there would be ore people out of work. However with computer people are able to do they work at home and email it into there boss. Therefore it make the working patterns change as there is more of flexible employment and more part time working. Means with computer in the society there is few job in filing clerks, shops, postal workers, manual and repetitive job are been replaced. This is because a lot of people are doing it online.
Education
As the impact of ICT on society has also affect education in many different ways. As there is no more letters as mail merge not typed on a typewriter as they are done away with it. With everyone is using computer teacher are now teaching with an interactive whiteboard and have subject using the internet by projectors with the children. Also all he children details are held on files on the computer as they are not writing down on a piece of page. There reduce administration are also on the computer as the teacher has to roll on the computer as well. Meanwhile when the teacher are doing the children summary report or report for the parent teaching meeting they have to be do on the computer as well. As all the work as to be electronically produced to the parent as it nicer looking. Also when a teacher is learn children they use a computer aided learning which an on screen learning materials is and a computer aided assessment. Therefore the teacher timetable is all the computer and when the children get to the SRC there timetable will be on the computer as well.
Crime and policing
As ICT also have a big impact on the crime and policing as there are able to track anyone with a credit card by using a computer. For example if someone clone or took someone else card the police are able to track them down by looking on the computer on there detail. As it will tell them when it was use last and how much was used. The electronic fraud is when stealing money from the electronically machine. For example if a cash machine was stealing the police would be fit to track it down by the code that they type into a computer. Therefore the crimes are able to hack with unauthorised access into a computer and possibly steal important data on it. As everyone keep information data on their computer such as business document. Meanwhile the national high tech crime unit would use a lot of ict for investigate hacking, electronic fraud to see what happen to them. While the police national computer would hold important data on the criminal vehicle, fingerprints, DNA, stolen property and homes. As they would have these detail on a computer as it is quicker if there need the information quickly and plus if there have a person DNA on the computer they are able to match it if that person get hurt or found died. For example if the police are walking around the town and they see a car look out of place they are able to call into the office and callout the number plate. The person in the office would look upon the computer and they would be able to tell the other person who owned that car. As computer sometime has viruses a programs designed has to fix it to corrupt a computer systems. Therefore the police would have to deal with people who steal software and not pay for the licences of it.
Retailing
ICT has a real in pack on retailing as now in shop the user will do there stock control on scanner which will track the information on to a computer which is able to keep track of the detail of stock quantities. Also the price of the stock as now in shops today the business mangers are scanning the barcode into the till which able to boss to see the prices of the procedure. Therefore business use computer to keep control of all the restock limits as they use the computer to tell them hen they are out of stock or when they are low. In addition such shop has an online service which people use credit card to pay the things. However there is issues, p&p, return, security, trust when it come to buying online as the person as to think about them. Also so shop would use loyalty card this is when a person go into a shop and buy a few things and they are scan on to the card and they may get some money off it when they have enough point gather up. As shop will track the person spending habit with the loyalty card and collected the data and send that person 20% deal on the post for the shop.
Health
The ICT has a big impact on the health in many different ways. As the patient record are all keep on the computer and so is held electronically install of it been on paper. Also the pharmacy records are kept on the computer so they can contra indications that are in stock. The hospital administration on patient attendance is kept on the computer. The nurse will have to print the label out for the patient as there details are on the computer. The hospital administration also use the computer for keeping track of the allocate of the bed, order the food, making appointment, send letters and staff rotas. The NHS direct use the computer for looking at website for information on health care and different way to treat patient with illness. Also the NHSnet use the computer to project to connect all the GP surgeries and to network to hospitals. The monitoring and diagnosis use the computer to do heart rate, blood pressure etc. They use the computer also for expert systems, CAT scan. The medical training uses the computer to simulation software and online data sources.
Business
In this day an age business has an impact of ICT as all business use computer. As in business they would use computer for aided their design work. By using a computer they are able to make it into 3D designs so they can show they customer what it would look like in real life. Also they can scale the drawing and interface it with the manufacturing machines so it will turn out the way they want it to be. Also be able to control of the manufacture process by the computer as they are able to change the colour, the size and model of it if they change their mind half way through it. In addition by using a computer jobs are on a production lines repetitive and danger as computer is doing people work. Therefore by using a computer it is reduces human error and increases efficiency of the work. Also business are using computer to make their business bigger as they use the internet to get more people into their shops. As everyone goes online to do their shopping as it is a quick and easier way. Therefore business use computer to have fewer papers around the office so there is less of a mess and less teleconferencing. Business use computer so there is fewer desks needed which means that there is more room for them. Also the workers are able to control the time they work at as they will be quicker on a computer.
Money and banking
In money and banking ict has a big impact on it as everyone uses credit/debit cards in this day an age. So the banks would have the person detail on a computer so there are able to see how much is in the bank. Also the debit card details are sent for an authorisation which is from the retailers or to the ATMs. As when a person uses their card on an ATM machine they can get a recite from the machine this means that there is a database with all the person detail on it. Therefore when a person uses smart cards the chip on the card will hold the data in the card. As the user enters a pin rather than a signs receipt the computer will take the numbers and it will go to the computer and it will give out the money the person need. As in bank when cheque are processing they have to be scanned as the account number will be read with MICR which identify the account that is on a computer. In additional there are many different ways to access your account as the person can do it at home now with the computer. However by doing it at home the person has to go on their computer on to the internet and type in their bank detail which will be on the banks computer. Then the person will have to go though different security answers to make sure that they are the right person. However by doing this that person it taking a high risk as their information it not always safe as some one can hack onto that person internet and take there bank detail and use their count to buy things. As someone else can use it and this is why there is another computer with high security all over it. Plus the reason banker use computer is to keep all the data safe as if they write it down it can get lost. When the bank are using computer systems a lot there is going to be a lot of problem going to come with it. For example when the computer goes down it will stop the income from coming in to the bank and therefore people were not getting there money. As people get ema, wages, child benefit, penstition etc pay into there bank as if the bank system is down the people are unable to pay there bill. Therefore with this happen people are getting overdraft in the bank people are getting in more trouble with money because of computer system that the banks have. As now people can use online to there bank to put in money or take it out with this happing there are job lost.
Communication
In today world everyone use computer to communication with as they use the World Wide Web to go on to different site to talk to their friends. For example Facebook as must people are on it to communicate with people who they having see for a long time or talk to friend about things. As people would use the World Wide Web to connect with other though webcam to have business deal or talk to some one face to face. For example as people find it hard to get work and they have to leave home to get work they may go on video camera to communication to a love one on the computer. Also people use computer to sent email to one another to send each other information on different thing. Such as when business meeting are on, to get detail on event which are going on, to day hello to another people, to send work etc. Therefore people use the computer to communication though fax as many people would have to send document or image by fax to their friend or to a company. For example if a farmer wants to an animal to their herd list there are able to fax the detail over to the office and they can put it onto there database. As they will send back the information through the fax machine with all the new information on it. However people communication my using mobile phone or telephone as people can now send voice message, image, text, data etc to other by using computer. As they just go on the computer and go to the company website and type in there login detail and they are able to send message to other people phone. Also people all over the world use video conferencing for example the present would have communication with other people all over the world to other present to decision important information. In addition the internet can be use to communicate with as this day and age people use Facebook for this. As people use Facebook to talk to other and to comment on other page on what they think.
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